Do adult students learn more sitting in traditional classrooms or online from the convenience of their home? Who scores better on tests - virtual test-takers clicking their way through exams or campus dwellers bubbling in Scantrons with #2 pencils? Upon course completion, is one student more qualified than the other to enter the job market?
These questions and more have been answered in Thomas Russell's painstaking compilation "The No Significant Difference Phenomenon" (1999). This collection of 355 independent research reports, summaries, and papers focuses on the legitimacy of computer-based learning environments and, in a nutshell, concludes that the learning outcomes of distance learners are similar to, or better than, the learning outcomes of traditional on-campus students.
In other words:
No Significant Difference
Significant Difference
Scores on achievement tests were highest for students taking a correspondence course and there was a significant difference in the attitudes of students, with the correspondence students registering the highest level of satisfaction. (Chen, H., Lehman, J. & Armstrong, P. (1991), Comparison of Performance and Attitude in Traditional and Computer Conferencing Classes. The American Journal of Distance Education - Vol. 5, No. 3).
Review of course grades demonstrated that off-campus students achieved higher grades than on-campus students and distance learners had a more positive attitude towards learning in general. (Fulmer, J., Hazzard, M., Jones, S., & Keene, K. (1992), Distance Learning: An Innovative Approach to Nursing Education. Journal of Professional Nursing).
A study conducted by the demonstrated standardized achievement test scores of its online graduates were 5% to 10% higher than graduates of competing on-campus programs at three Arizona public universities. (Gubernick, L. & Ebeling, A. (1997), I Got My Degree Through E-mail. University of Phoenix, Arizona).
Results indicate the virtual students scored an average of 20 points higher on the 100-point midterm and final exams... All differences are highly significant. (Shutte, J. G. (1998), Virtual Teaching in Higher Education. California State University, Northridge).
In Conclusion
Overall, scientific research consistently shows students participating in non-traditional education capable of achieving positive outcomes comparable to that of students enrolled in traditional institutions.
